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Water and Sanitation

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Summary

Over 3.4 million people die as a result of contaminated water annually.1 Diarrheal diseases, largely caused by contaminated water, are one of the leading causes of death in children under five, responsible for approximately 525,000 fatalities annually.2 Poor sanitation infrastructure and hygiene practices contaminate many local water supplies, and the majority of waterborne illnesses are caused by ingesting water contaminated with fecal matter.3 Over 2 billion people around the world lack access to a toilet.4 Annually, there are 1.7 billion cases of diarrheal disease in children.5 Thirty eight percent of medical facilities lack access to an adequate water supply, 19 percent lack proper sanitation infrastructure — 35 percent do not have soap or hand-washing stations.6 Thirty four percent of schools in the world lack basic sanitation facilities — 47 percent lacked avenues for basic hygienic routines such as handwashing.7 Cholera, typhoid fever, hepatitis A, dysentery and schistosomiasis are often caused by bacteria found in water contaminated with fecal matter.8 According to the World Health Organization, there is an economic return of $3-4 for each dollar invested in clean water and sanitation infrastructure.9 Show References
1 http://www.voanews.com/content/a-13-2005-03-17-voa34-67381152/274768.html 2 http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs330/en/ 3 http://water.org/water-crisis/water-facts/water/ 4 https://water.org/our-impact/water-crisis/health-crisis/ 5 Ibid 6 https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/drinking-water 7 https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/jmp-wash-in-schools.pdf?ua=1 8 http://www.voanews.com/content/a-13-2005-03-17-voa34-67381152/274768.html 9 http://thewaterproject.org/water_stats_5#stats
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