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Summary

At the end of 2016, 2.2 million adults were in United States prisons, the highest incarceration rate in the world. Despite this, the incarcerated population has been decreasing since 2013.1 Prison rehabilitation aims for former inmates to be rehabilitated and prepared to reenter society upon their discharge from the prison system. Prison rehabilitation programs and ministries focus on maintaining the mental, physical and social health of the inmate.23 A 2005 study performed by the Department of Justice found that 67.8 percent of prisoners released were rearrested within 3 years after being released. Three-quarters of prisoners released were reincarcerated within 5 years of being released.4 The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime enacted the Doha declaration in 2015, an initiative to adopt crime prevention and criminal rehabilitation into the United Nations agenda. The initiative is focused on youth crime rate reduction, transparent justice institutions as well as humane prison and criminal justice systems.5 Overcrowding and disease are areas of major concerns in international prisons; HIV/AIDS, as well as TB, have much higher occurrence rates in prisons than that of the general population. UNAIDS reports that prisoners are five times more likely to have HIV/AIDS and 11 to 81 times more likely to contract TB than those not in prison.6 Show References
1 https://www.cnn.com/2018/06/28/us/mass-incarceration-five-key-facts/index.html 2 http://www.unodc.org/dohadeclaration/topics/prisoner-rehabilitation.html 3 https://www.crimemuseum.org/crime-library/famous-prisons-incarceration/rehabilitative-effects-of-imprisonment/ 4 https://www.nij.gov/topics/corrections/recidivism/Pages/welcome.aspx 5 http://www.unodc.org/dohadeclaration/en/index/about.html 6 https://www.penalreform.org/priorities/prison-conditions/key-facts/
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