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Summary

In 2017, there were approximately 83 million families in the United States, with an average of 2.54 people per family unit.1 Globally, marriage rates are declining, and the age at which the average man or woman becomes married is rising.2 Belgium currently holds the highest divorce rate at 71 percent, Portugal follows with 68 percent, then Hungary with 67 percent, the Czech Republic with 66 percent, Spain at 61 percent, Luxembourg with 60 percent, Estonia at 58 percent, Cuba with 56 percent, France at 55 percent and the United States with 53 percent.3 There are an estimated 258.5 million widows worldwide with a total of 584.6 million children between them.4 Nearly 769 million women and 290 million children are the victims of domestic violence each year.5 The World Health Organization estimates that one in every three women worldwide have experienced some form of physical or sexual violence carried out by a partner. Forty-two percent of women who report experiencing violence at the hand of a partner also report sustaining an injury.6 Nearly half of young women worldwide — almost 126 million — believe it can be acceptable for a husband to strike his wife.7 Out of 195 nations around the world, 143 constitutionally guarantee equality between men and women. In 2010, the United Nations General Assembly voted to form a UN task force to pursue the equality of women in social and legal practice.8 In the United States, 60.2 per 1,000 women between the ages of 15 and 44 become pregnant each year,9 resulting in 3.86 million births in 201710 — the lowest birth rate in the last three decades.11 Three of every four women who have an abortion in the United States cite that the reason for their abortion is that they are unable to afford a child. Over one million infants are aborted in the United States each year.12 Show References
1 https://www.statista.com/statistics/183648/average-size-of-households-in-the-us/ 2 https://www.oecd.org/els/family/SF_3_1_Marriage_and_divorce_rates.pdf 3 http://www.therichest.com/rich-list/world/worlds-10-most-divorced-nations/10/ 4 https://www.reuters.com/article/us-global-widows-factbox-idUSKBN19E04P 5 http://thinkprogress.org/health/2014/09/10/3565601/domestic-violence-cost/ 6 http://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/violence-against-women 7 https://www.unicef.org/publications/files/Hidden_in_plain_sight_statistical_analysis_Summary_EN_2_Sept_2014.pdf 8 http://www.un.org/en/sections/issues-depth/gender-equality/index.html 9 https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2018/5/22/17376536/fertility-rate-united-states-births-women 10 https://www.statista.com/statistics/195908/number-of-births-in-the-united-states-since-1990/ 11 https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/05/17/611898421/u-s-births-falls-to-30-year-low-sending-fertility-rate-to-a-record-low 12 http://www.usccb.org/upload/pregnant-women-support-act-2009.pdf
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Women's Rights
Domestic Abuse
Marriage and Divorce
Family Other
Pregancy Support
Elderly Care
Widow Care
Family Services
Adoption

Women's Rights

Out of 195 nations around the world, 143 constitutionally guarantee equality between men and women. In 2010, the United Nations General Assembly voted to form a UN task force to pursue the equality of women in social and legal practice.1 In Rwanda, over 60 percent of the lower house of parliament is women. In Cuba and Bolivia, over 50 percent of the lower parliament is women. Mexico, Grenada, Namibia, Sweden, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, South Africa, Finland, Senegal and Norway all have over 40 percent of their lower house parliaments filled by women. In the United States, just over 19 percent of the House of Representatives are women, and 23 percent of the Senate are female.2 In summer of 2018, Saudi Arabian women became legally allowed to Read More drive, making Saudi Arabia the last nation to legalize female drivers3 and the last nation to allow women to vote,4 though in much of the Middle East — and regions of Africa — it is still difficult for women to exercise their right to vote.5 Worldwide, 130 million women and girls — from the primary to the secondary level — are not in school.6 In a study conducted with a sampling of 100 countries, when increasing the number of girls completing 12 years of education by 1 percent, economic growth rises by 0.3 percent. On a global scale, that would yield an increase of $15 trillion in revenue annually7 Women are also less-likely to be hired in full-time positions than men,8 and, on average, women earn 77.9 cents per dollar that men earn.9 In a study conducted in the United States, women graduating from business school projected they would earn approximately $54,000 a year. Men estimated they would be earning an average annual salary of $60,000 upon graduation.10 Nearly 769 million women and 290 million children are the victims of domestic violence each year.11 The World Health Organization estimates that one in every three women worldwide have experienced some form of physical or sexual violence carried out by a partner. Aside from death and physical injury, domestic abuse against women can result in long-term damage to mental, emotional and reproductive health.12 Each year, 12 million girls under the age of 18 become married. Today, more than 650 million women are currently living with the consequences of a marriage that took place when they were children.13 Child marriages pose threats to children’s health, education and vocation, creating issues during pregnancy and childbirth and rendering the girls vulnerable to domestic abuse.14 Women and young girls represent 98 percent of the 4.5 million annual victims of human trafficking and forced prostitution.15 Girls who were married at a young age are particularly vulnerable to domestic abuse.16 One third of girls ages 15 to 19 report physical, emotional and sexual abuse at the hand of their husband.17 Adolescent boys also experiences these forms of abuse, but are two times less likely than young women to have been subjected to intimate partner violence. Nearly half of young women worldwide — almost 126 million — believe it is acceptable for a husband to strike his wife.18 Female genital mutilation is a particular threat to young girls around the world, and the WHO estimates that over 125 million women and girls have undergone FGM.19 Young women who undergo FGM face extreme pain, shock, hemorrhaging, tetanus or sepsis immediately following the operation, and face long-term consequences such as urinary tract infections, infertility, pain during intercourse, an increased risk of childbirth complications and death, and often require later surgeries.20 Show Less

Domestic Abuse

Nearly 769 million women and 290 million children are the victims of domestic violence each year.1 The World Health Organization estimates that one in every three women worldwide have experienced some form of physical or sexual violence carried out by a partner. Forty-two percent of women who report experiencing violence at the hand of a partner also report sustaining an injury.2 Aside from death and physical injury, domestic abuse against women can result in long-term damage to mental, emotional and reproductive health.3 Girls who were married at a young age are particularly vulnerable to domestic abuse.4 One third of girls ages 15 to 19 report physical, emotional and sexual abuse at the hand of their husband.5 Adolescent boys also experiences these forms of abuse, but Read More are two times less likely than young women to have been subjected to intimate partner violence. Nearly half of young women worldwide — almost 126 million — believe it can be acceptable for a husband to strike his wife.6 Globally, domestic violence costs approximately $9 trillion in economic output annually.7 People with a limited educational background, previous exposure to domestic abuse or cultural attitudes tolerant of gender inequality are more likely to become perpetrators of domestic violence.8 Show Less

Marriage and Divorce

Globally, marriage rates are declining, and the age at which the average man or woman becomes married is rising.1 Belgium currently holds the highest divorce rate at 71 percent, Portugal follows with 68 percent, then Hungary with 67 percent, the Czech Republic with 66 percent, Spain at 61 percent, Luxembourg with 60 percent, Estonia at 58 percent, Cuba with 56 percent, France at 55 percent and the United States with 53 percent.2 In many Nordic nations, the average age of marriage is extremely high as marriages are being delayed, or replaced altogether with cohabitation or partnership. In Sweden, the average woman is married when she is 34 years old whereas the average woman is married at 30 in Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Read More nations.3 The countries with the highest prevalence of child marriage, defined as marriage before the age of 18, are Niger, the Central African Republic, Chad, Bangladesh, Guinea, Mali, South Sudan, Burkina Faso, and Malawi — all with over 50 percent of their young women having been married before turning 18.4 Over 650 million of women worldwide were married as children.5 Show Less

Family Other

Studies have shown that domestic violence is one of the most costly issues affecting the world today.1 Although domestic abuse happens on a large scale all around the world, it is frequently overlooked in legislation passed through governments.2 Experts estimate that domestic violence costs countries on average $9.5 trillion dollars annually from the loss of economic output.3 The economic cost estimate was derived from projections of lost earnings, health complications, and the overall reduction of economic activity.4 Around the world approximately nine people die as a result of domestic violence for every one person who dies in a civil war.5 Globally nearly 769 million women become victims of domestic violence each year and 290 million children experience child abuse.6 Recent UNICEF studies found that half Read More of all teenage girls believe that it is justifiable for a man to beat his wife.7 Furthermore, around 38% of all homicides are committed by a domestic partner.8 Some of the risk factors associated with domestic violence are a familial history of violence, prior child abuse, gender inequality and a low education attainment level.9 Family planning, especially in developing countries, is a critical component in the alleviation of poverty.10 The provision of contraceptives and reproductive health education programs is crucial in the reduction of unwanted pregnancies, as well as newborn and maternal deaths across the globe.11 Currently there are nearly 220 million females who are experiencing unwanted, and unsafe pregnancies as a result of the scarcity of contraceptives and important family planning information.12 This resulted in nearly 20 million unsafe abortions in 2012 alone.13 Of these unsafe abortions 47,000 women have died as a result of complications.14 Child abuse and exploitation takes on various forms in different countries.15 Some of the issues affecting children are violence, child labor, trafficking, female genital mutilation, early marriage and sexual abuse.16 Many of these issues that negatively affect children are culturally accepted and are an integrated part of the societal fabric.17 UNICEF is one of the most prevalent organizations that advocates for child’s rights and legal protections.18 1 http://thinkprogress.org/health/2014/09/10/3565601/domestic-violence-cost/ 2-7 Ibid 8 http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs239/en/ 9 Ibid 10 http://www.gatesfoundation.org/What-We-Do/Global-Development/Family-Planning 11-13 Ibid 14http://kff.org/global-health-policy/fact-sheet/the-u-s-government-and-international-family-planning-and-reproductive-health/ 15 http://data.unicef.org/child-protection/overview 16-18 Ibid Show Less

Pregancy Support

In the United States, 60.2 per 1,000 women between the ages of 15 and 44 become pregnant each year,1 resulting in 3.86 million births in 20172 — the lowest birth rate in the last three decades.3 Three of every four women who have an abortion in the United States cite that the reason for their abortion is that they are unable to afford a child. Over one million infants are aborted in the United States each year.4 Additionally, women without prenatal care or pregnancy support have a higher risk of birthing a child with a range of medical and developmental issues.5 The U.S. Pregnant Women Support Act (2009–2010) prohibited insurance companies from deeming pregnancy a “preexisting condition” and mandates that newborns be granted a continuation of Read More their mother’s healthcare coverage. The Pregnant Women Support Act also enabled the Secretary of Health and Human Services to offer grants for ultrasound equipment to clinics and other health centers.6 In developing nations, 21 million adolescent girls between the ages of 15 and 19 become pregnant each year — 16 million of those girls give birth each year.7 Pregnancies in adolescents are more common in developing, impoverished regions where education and employment opportunities are lacking.8 Show Less

Elderly Care

Just over 8 percent of the world’s population is over 65 years old — 617 million people. By 2050, the elderly population is projected to rise to 17 percent of the global population.1 However, the average life expectancy is also expected to rise by nearly eight years, to 76.2 years rather than 68.6 in 2015.2 In Japan, over a quarter of the population is over the age of 65,3 and in Italy 22.4 percent of the population is over the age of 65.4 Greece also has the third highest aging population, with 21.4 percent of the population over 65.5 The United Nations created the United Nations Principles for Older Persons in 1991, an act comprised of 18 protections for the elderly around the world.6

Widow Care

There are an estimated 258.5 million widows worldwide with a total of 584.6 million children between them. There was nearly a ten percent increase in widows from 2010 to 2015, and one in every seven widows worldwide are in severe poverty.1 In Afghanistan and Ukraine, one in every five women is widowed.2 However, India is the nation with the highest population of widows.3 Many widows in developing nations experience isolation, discrimination, abuse and persecution from their community and family members, particularly in India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Papua New Guinea, North Africa and sub-Saharan Africa.4 According to the World Bank, many nations — 90 percent of 176 — have laws in place that limit a woman’s ability to own land, participate in a trade or otherwise achieve economic Read More freedom.5 Show Less

Family Services

Family services are public programs that exist to offer support to families, particularly to those with low incomes, vulnerable children or children disabilities. Some services can include disability, food and transportation assistance, as well as mental health counseling and family planning.1 Family services may also include opportunities for parents to connect with other parents in their communities.2 Family support services are aimed to provide both parents and children safe, healthy living environments.3 In 2017, there were approximately 83 million families in the United States, with an average of 2.54 people per family unit.5

Adoption

There are an estimated 153 million children around the world who have lost one or both parents.1 Millions more children have been abandoned or displaced, with exact figures unknown. Over 5,700 children are orphaned daily, and more than 8 million orphaned children live in institutional care rather than with a family or in a foster home.2 In the United States alone, nearly half a million — 437,465 — children were in the foster care system in 2017. In that same year, 250,248 children left the foster care system, and 273,539 entered the system. Of those children, 117,794 were awaiting adoption.3 In 2014, there were a total of 110,373 adoptions in the United States, a decline from 133,737 adoptions in 2007.4 From 2015 to 2016, 53,549 foster Read More children in the United States were adopted with the aid of a public child welfare agency.5 Show Less
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