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Central African Republic

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Summary

The Central African Republic is a presidential republic with a president and prime minister. A new constitution was ratified in 2015, changing the electoral process so that presidents are elected through a universal, direct vote for terms of five years. Those elected can run for a second term. The nation was formerly a French colony, and gained its independence in 1960. The government has had a tumultuous political past with unreliable elections and numerous militant governments seizing control of the country after it gained its independence, the most recent event was a coup in 2013.1 With a GDP per capita of $7002 the Central African Republic is one of the least developed nations in the world.3 68 percent of girls are married before age 18 in the Central African Republic, and 29 percent are married by age 15.4 The nation has the second highest maternal mortality rate in the world, with 882 deaths per 100,000 live births. Infant mortality is 86.3 deaths per 1,000 live births, the third highest rate in the world. Food security and healthcare in the Central African Republic are unreliable.5 3 https://www.heritage.org/index/country/centralafricanrepublic 4 https://www.girlsnotbrides.org/child-marriage/central-african-republic/ 5 https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ct.html

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Central African Republic Demographics

Demographics

Nationality
Central African
Population
5,166,510 (July 2013 est.)
Ethnic Groups
Languages
Religions

Causes in Central African Republic

Learn more about specific causes in Central African Republic that you can get involved in.

Environment
Family
Human Rights
Education
Poverty
Religion
Clean Water
Economy
Government
Health
Children
Animals

Environment

In the Central African Republic, the leading environmental issues are water pollution, poaching — resulting in the of mishandling of the nation’s wildlife refuge — as well as desertification, deforestation and soil erosion.1 The republic is party to several international agreements pertaining to the environment including agreements on biodiversity, climate change, desertification and endangered species.2

Family

68 percent of girls are married before age 18 in the Central African Republic, and 29 percent are married by age 15.1 The nation has the second highest maternal mortality rate in the world, with 882 deaths per 100,000 live births. Infant mortality is 86.3 deaths per 1,000 live births, the third highest rate in the world. Food security and healthcare in the Central African Republic are unreliable.2 Marriages are typically arranged by families.3

Human Rights

Militant groups in the central and northwest regions of the Central African Republic continue to upend the lives of civilians in the regions. The government often depends upon UN peacekeepers to maintain control of the capital. There are an estimated 461,000 Central African refugees in neighboring countries, and another 421,700 are internally displaced.1 There are approximately 2.4 million people in the nation who are dependent upon humanitarian assistance.2 68 percent of girls are married before age 18 in the Central African Republic, and 29 percent are married by age 15.3

Education

Public education within the Central African Republic is modeled after the French system,1 and the average student is anticipated to remain in school for 7 years.2 28,600 children have been forced to flee the Central African Republic as a result of violence between communities, spurred on by armed militants. UNICEF estimates that 357,400 children are being deprived access to education, health and protection services as a result of the conflicts that persist across the nation.3 Just 36 percent of the population is literate with 50 percent of men being literate compared to 24 percent of women.4 There is one university in the Central African Republic in the capital.5

Poverty

The Central African Republic is one of the least developed nations in the world.1 23.5 percent of children are underweight, and 78.2 percent of the population lacks access to modern sanitation facilities.2 UNICEF estimates that 357,400 children are being deprived access to education, health and protection services as a result of the conflicts that persist across the nation.3 Over half of the Central African Republic’s population lives in rural regions and is heavily dependent upon subsistence farming.4 The GDP per capita is the lowest in the world, $700.5

Religion

35 percent of the Central African Republic identifies with indigenous religious beliefs, 25 percent identify as Catholic, 25 percent as Christian and 15 percent as Muslim. However, animism heavily affects the Christian and Catholic faith practices of those who adhere to them.1 An estimated 461,000 Central African refugees are in other countries, most are Muslim.2 In 2018, a Catholic church in the capital was attacked by gunmen was grenades, killing 15 and injuring dozens more.3

Clean Water

31.5 percent of the Central African Republic’s population lacks access to clean drinking water, and 78.2 percent of the population lacks access to modern sanitation facilities. Water pollution and non-potable tap water are two major environmental issues for the nation, as well as waterborne diseases such as schistosomiasis, bacterial and protozoal diarrhea and hepatitis A and E.1

Economy

The Central African Republic is one of the least developed nations in the world.1 Weak infrastructure and heavy amounts of regulations create roadblocks for economic growth. Over half of the Central African Republic’s population lives in rural regions and is heavily dependent upon subsistence farming.2 Timber and diamond exports generate the majority of the nation’s export revenue.3 The Central African Republic has the lowest GDP per capita in the world, $700.4 The national GDP is $3.37 billion.5

Government

The Central African Republic is a presidential republic with a president and prime minister. A new constitution was ratified in 2015, changing the electoral process so that presidents are elected through a universal, direct vote for terms of five years. Those elected can run for a second term. The nation was formerly a French colony, and gained its independence in 1960.1 Transparency International rates the Central African Republic as a 23 out of 100 for the public’s low trust in the government’s ability to curb corruption.2 The government has had a tumultuous political past with unreliable elections and numerous militant governments seizing control of the country after it gained its independence, the most recent event be a coup in 2013.3

Health

Risk of contracting major infectious diseases in the Central African Republic is high, particularly with diseases such as hepatitis A and E, typhoid, malaria, dengue fever, meningococcal meningitis and schistosomiasis.1 23.5 percent of children are underweight, and 78.2 percent of the population lacks access to modern sanitation facilities.2 4 percent of the adult population has HIV/AIDS, one of the highest rates in the world.3 The Central African Republic has the second highest maternal mortality rate at 882 deaths per 100,000 live births, and the third highest infant mortality rate at 86.3 deaths per 1,000 live births.4

Children

60 percent of the Central African Republic’s population is under the age of 24, and over 1,000,000 members of the population are under the age of 14. The nation has the second highest maternal mortality rate in the world, with 882 deaths per 100,000 live births. Infant mortality is 86.3 deaths per 1,000 live births, the third highest rate in the world. Food security and healthcare in the Central African Republic are unreliable. The average child is expected to remain in school just 7 years.1 28,600 children have been forced to flee the Central African Republic as a result of violence between communities, spurred on by armed militants. UNICEF estimates that 357,400 children are being deprived access to education, health and protection services as a Read More result of the conflicts that persist across the nation. In 2017 a polio outbreak hit the Lake Chad basin, but 800,000 children were vaccinated against the disease and 26,000 were treated for malnutrition.2 23.5 percent of children in the Central African Republic are underweight.3 Show Less

Animals

Central and western African are known to be the home to a variety of animal species including a declining population of West African giraffes, the mountain gorilla, bonobo, chimpanzee, elephant, white rhino, forest elephant, bongo, Congo peacock, colobus monkey, lion, hippopotamus, buffalo, cheetah and leopard.1 Most of the ecosystems in this region are savanna, tropical and subtropical forest and grasslands or shrub land.2 The Central African Republic is party to an international agreement on biodiversity.3
Central African Republic

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